You can use terminal to check a disk for bad blocks (physically damaged areas of the disk).
First find the name of the disk, run: diskutil list And make a note of the disk name, eg disk8
After finding the disk name, run: sudo fsck_hfs -fy -S /dev/DISKNAME Enter the admin password and let the check run.
Note: This process does not guarantee that it won't make the damage worse, but this applies to all processes of this type.
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